COUPLED 2025

Graph-Based Machine Learning Approaches for Model Order Reduction

  • Pichi, Federico (SISSA)
  • Moya, Beatriz (ENSAM Institute of Technology)
  • Morrison, Oisín (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Fore)
  • Hesthaven, Jan (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT))

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The development of efficient reduced order models (ROMs) from a deep learning perspective enables users to overcome the limitations of traditional approaches [1]. One drawback of convolutional autoencoders-based techniques is the lack of geometrical information when dealing with complex domains defined on unstructured meshes. The present work proposes a framework for nonlinear model order reduction based on Graph Convolutional Autoencoders (GCA) to exploit emergent patterns in different physical problems, including those showing bifurcating behavior, high-dimensional parameter space, slow Kolmogorov-decay, and varying domains [2]. Our methodology extracts the latent space’s evolution while introducing geometric priors, possibly alleviating the learning process through up- and down-sampling operations, enabling high generalizability in the low-data regime and great speedup. Moreover, we will present a novel graph feedforward network (GFN), extending the GCA approach to exploit multifidelity data, leveraging graph-adaptive weights, and providing large savings and computable error bounds for the predictions [3]. This way, we overcome the limitations of the up- and down-sampling procedures by building a resolution-invariant GFN-ROM strategy capable of training and testing on different mesh sizes, resulting in a more lightweight and flexible architecture. REFERENCES [1] Fresca, S., Dede’, L. and Manzoni, A. (2021) ‘A Comprehensive Deep Learning-Based Approach to Reduced Order Modeling of Nonlinear Time-Dependent Parametrized PDEs’, Journal of Scientific Computing, 87(2), p. 61. [2] Pichi, F., Moya, B. and Hesthaven, J.S. (2024) ‘A graph convolutional autoencoder approach to model order reduction for parametrized PDEs’, Journal of Computational Physics, 501, p. 112762. [3] Morrison, O.M., Pichi, F., Hesthaven, J.S., 2024. GFN: A graph feedforward network for resolution-invariant reduced operator learning in multifidelity applications. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 432, 117458.