
Solving turbulent boundary-layer problems with the multiscale Pseudo-DNS framework
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The Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation (P-DNS) method is a general multiscale framework for the cost-effective simulation of complex flows [1]. P-DNS divides the solution into fine and coarse scales that are iteratively solved until convergence. The efficiency is achieved by means of performing fine-scale computations offline. These fine-scale solutions, parameterized under diverse boundary conditions in simple domains, are precomputed prior to and independent of the global solution. A key innovation introduced in this work is the wall Representative Volume Element (RVE), which models the time evolution of turbulent boundary layers. This reduces computational demands while enabling accurate aerodynamic force predictions using relatively coarse meshes for boundary layers, without relying on empirical parameters or case-specific adjustments. The RVE is adaptable to varying pressure gradient scenarios—both adverse and favorable—making it highly versatile for aerodynamic applications. We present several case studies validating P-DNS, including 2D and 3D flows over streamlined and bluff bodies such as airfoils, wings, wind turbine blades and car-like bodies. By enabling robust predictions at modest computational costs, P-DNS offers a practical solution for accurately capturing turbulent boundary layer dynamics. [1] Idelsohn, S.R. and Gimenez, J.M. and Larreteguy, A.E. and Nigro, N.M. and Sı́vori, F.M and Oñate, E. The P-DNS method for turbulent fluid flows: an overview. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 31(2), 973-1021, (2024).